Ethnic minorities in urban areas

2 segregation in the United States (Taeuber and Taeuber, 1965: 28-64). Residential segregation limits the possibilities for contaets between whites and blaeks, and as a result, deereases the potential for social unity. Resi­ dential segregation has been seen to lead to a sense of eonfinement among ghetto residents which exaeerbates alI the other problems that affeet these neighborhoods. As a result, the spatial separation of the raees has been viewed as a serious threat to the stability of the society (U. S. National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, 1968: vii). Spatial separation also leads to other specific problems sueh as de laclo sehool segregation, while segregated sehools have been declared inherently unequal. Furthermore, the movement of blaeks to the suburbs that has oecurred in 2 recent years has not led to decreased patterns of isolation. Instead, this shift has refleeted an expansion of existing ghetto areas aeross city bounda­ ries. For example, Cleveland's black ghetto has expanded into and through East Cleveland which is a distinct municipality; (see Arthur D. Little, 1969) and Washington, D. C. 's ghetto has expanded northeast into suburban Prinee Georges County (Zehner and Chapin, 1974). 3 Glantz and Delaney (1973) in a study of 14 ofthe 18largest metropolitan are as, found that the degree of segregation of blacks within particular suburban municipalities had not changed much between 1969 and 1970. Blacks were coneentrated in the same suburban eommunities in 1970 as in 1960.