Decimation Lowpass Filters for Sigma-Delta Modulators

Inhaltsangabe:Abstract:The purpose of this thesis is to compare several filter topologies used for the decimation of sigma-delta modulated digital signals. The goal is to present optimized filter architectures with regard to an efficient VLSI implementation. A fifth-order 1-bit sigma-delta modulator using local feedback techniques will be considered as the front-end A/D converter. The subsequent digital filter reduces the sampling rate by a factor of 32. The decimation filter must guarantee a narrow transition band between 0.5 and 0.55 and stopband attenuation of 100dB.Chapter 1 provides a brief introduction into the principles of digital signal processing. The considerations are focused on FIR filters due to the requirements for acoustic applications.Chapter 2 illustrates the proposed overall structure and the design flow.The objective of chapter 3 is to present the principles of oversampling data converters using sigma-delta techniques. The 5V fifth-order SD-modulator with 90dB dynamic range (SNR+THD) will be presented, which has been fabricated in 1.2µm CMOS technology. For the sake of simplicity and robustness, a 1-bit quantizer will be used.Chapter 4 deals with typical hardware realizations of digital filters. Apart from the “brute force“ implementation of the multirate filter with identical filters running in parallel, also the LUT-based approach for small filter orders will be presented. Due to the advantages of compact implementation, the bit-serial approach and the bit-serial multiplier are investigated in detail.In chapter 5 the straightforward one-stage multirate FIR filter will be introduced. To satisfy the specifications, a 4096 tap lowpass FIR filter will be designed. The influence of coefficient quantization is investigated and furthermore the “block scaling“ method, to represent small values, is presented. The single-stage implementation becomes the more unattractive the higher the filter specifications are.Chapter 6, therefore, focuses