Introduction. Studying the ethological roots of culture; R.A. Gardner, B.T. Gardner. Part I: Field Studies. Evidence of structure in macaque communication; A. Zeller. The central-peripheral structure of the Tanaxpillo colony of stumptail macaques; D.R. Rasmussen, E. Riordan, M. Farrington, E. Kelly, J. Nachman, S. Fernandez, A. Churchill. Cultural implications of differences between populations of free ranging chimpanzees in Africa; W.C. McGrew. Precultural behavior of Japanese macaques: Longitudinal studies of the Koshima troops; K. Watanabe. Bird song learning: a model of cultural transmission? P.J.B. Slater, J.M. Williams. Swarm intelligence and the emergence of cultural swarm patterns; G. Theraulaz, J.-L. Deneubourg. Part II: Laboratory Studies. Mother-pup transmission of a feeding technique in the golden hamster; E. Prato Previde, M.D. Poli. A study of social, genetic, and environmental determinants of cultural transmission in the house mouse; P. Valsecchi, I. Bosellini, D. Mainardi, M. Mainardi. Can chimpanzees use tools by observational learning? D. Paquette. Social transmission of stimulus recognition by birds, fish and molluscs; M.D. Suboski. Part III: Cross-Fostered Chimpanzees. Ethological roots of language; R.A. Gardner, B.T. Gardner. Development of phrases in the utterances of children and cross-fostered chimpanzees; B.T. Gardner, R.A. Gardner. Transmission of human gestural language in a chimpanzee mother--infant relationship; R.S. Fouts. The use of remote video recordings to study the use of American Sign Language by chimpanzees when no humans are present; D.H. Fouts. Part IV: Infant Development. Is there prenatal culture? M.-C. Busnel. The earliness and complexity of the interaction skills and social behaviors of the child with its peers; H. Montagner, B. Epoulet, G. Gauffier, R. Goulevitch, V. Huvert-Ruiz, N. Ramel, B. Wiaux, A. Restoin, M. Taule. Learning by instincts, developmental transitions and the roots of culture in infancy; F.X. Plooij, H.H.C. Van de Rijt-Plooij. Part V: Ethnographic and Historical Patterns. An ethological perspective on human handedness; L.F. Marchant, W.C. McGrew. Culture and olfactory communication; M. Kirk-Smith. Cultural evolution in man of postures, gestures, and unverbalised social relations; C. Russell, W.M.S. Russell. Part VI: Paleoanthropological Patterns. Evolution of human culture: a composite pattern; F. Giusti. Culture and its biological origins: a view from ethology, epigenesis and design; V. Geist. Causes of our complete dependence on culture; P. Slurink.
