Omnidirectional Inductive Powering for Biomedical Implants

Abstract. List of Abbreviations and Symbols. 1 Introduction. 1.1 Wireless Power Transmission. 1.2 Types of Wireless Power Transmission. 1.3 A Biomedical Perspective. 1.4 Inductive Links. 1.5 Conclusions. 1.6 What to Expect. 2 Magnetic Induction. 2.1 Maxwell's Equations. 2.2 Conductive Wire. 2.3 Inductance. 2.4 Inductor Models. 2.5 Finite Element Modelling. 2.6 Conclusions. 3 Inductive Link Design. 3.1 Link Equations. 3.2 Loose-coupling Approximation. 3.3 Tertiary Circuits. 3.4 Link Optimisation. 3.5 Misconceptions about k and Q. 3.6 Conclusions. 4 Power Converters and Voltage Regulators. 4.1 Rectifiers. 4.2 Inverters. 4.3 Voltage Regulators. 4.4 Conclusions. 5 Omnidirectional Coupling. 5.1 Problem Definition. 5.2 Multiple Primary Coils. 5.3 Multiple Secondary Coils. 5.4 Conclusions. 6 Biological Tissue Interaction. 6.1 Electromagnetic Fields in Biological Tissue. 6.2 Health Effects of Electromagnetic Fields. 6.3 Exposure Limits and Regulations. 6.4 Examples from Biomedical Engineering Practice. 6.5 Conclusions. 7 An Inductive Power Link for a Capsule Endoscope. 7.1 Wireless Endoscopy. 7.2 Design: Choices and Motivation. 7.3 Fabrication. 7.4 Measurement. 7.5 Biological Tissue Interaction. 7.6 Conclusions. 8 A Class E Driver for Deformable Coils. 8.1 Class E ZVS Inverter with Transductor. 8.2 Control Loop. 8.3 Measurement Results. 8.4 Conclusions. 9 Conclusions. 9.1 Comprehensive Summary. 9.2 Main Contributions and Achievements. 9.3 Further Research. Appendix: Coil Measurements. A.1 Single Coil Characterisation. A.2 Coupling Characterisation. References. Index.