This monograph includes expanded selected papers presented in the "Workshop on the Future Directions of Fuzzy Theory and Systems". Research topics presented include: review and perspectives; mathematical foundations of fuzzy systems; soft and intelligent computing; neural fuzzy ellipsoidal learning; fuzzy inference based on alpha-level sets; fuzzy sample interpolation; membership function translation; and fuzzy function approximation. This collection of works by prominent investigators insights into the future direction and applications of fuzzy theory and systems.