Geffrei Gaimar's Estoire des Engleis is the oldest surviving example of historiography in the French vernacular. It was written in Lincolnshire c.1136-37 and is, in large part, and Anglo-Norman verse adaptation of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Its narrative covers the period from the 6th century until the death of the Conqueror's son William Rufus in 1100.This is an important text in historiographic terms, less as an
historical source than as an early example of informative literature written in a secular perspective for a predominantly baronial audience. It illustrates the multilingualism and multiculturalism of 12th-century Anglo-Norman
Britain, and shows the descendants of the Norman conquerors seeking to integrate themselves culturally into their adoptive homeland during the 1130s. It also ranks among the earliest extant witnesses of the rise of courtly literature in French, and of named female literary patronage.